High school biology
Course Content
Biology foundations
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Biology and the scientific method
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Biology overview
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The scientific method
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Data to justify experimental claims examples
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Introduction to experimental design
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Important molecules for biology
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Elements and atoms
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Introduction to carbohydrates
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Introduction to proteins and amino acids
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Introduction to lipids
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Introduction to nucleic acids and nucleotides
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Introduction to vitamins and minerals
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Water and life
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Hydrogen bonding in water
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Water as a solvent
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pH, acids, and bases
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Introduction to pH
Cells
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Introduction to cells
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Scale of cells
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Cell theory
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Basic cell structures
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Introduction to the cell
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Introduction to cilia, flagella and pseudopodia
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The cell membrane
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Fluid mosaic model of cell membranes
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Eukaryotic cell structures
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Organelles in eukaryotic cells
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Prokaryotes and eukaryotes
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Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
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Plant vs animal cells
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Overview of animal and plant cells
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Introduction to metabolism
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Introduction to metabolism: Anabolism and catabolism
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ATP: Adenosine triphosphate
Energy and transport
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Enzymes
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Introduction to kinetics
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Enzymes
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Passive and active transport
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Introduction to passive and active transport
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Diffusion – Introduction
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Concentration gradients
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Sodium potassium pump
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Osmosis and tonicity
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Osmosis
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Hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic solutions (tonicity)
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Photosynthesis
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Breaking down photosynthesis stages
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Cellular respiration
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Cellular respiration introduction
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Lactic acid fermentation
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Alcohol or ethanol fermentation
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Types of reproduction
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Asexual and sexual reproduction
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Chromosome structure and numbers
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Chromosomes, chromatids and chromatin
Reproduction and cell division
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The cell cycle and mitosis
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Interphase
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Mitosis
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Cancer
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Meiosis
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Chromosomal crossover in meiosis I
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Phases of meiosis I
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Phases of meiosis II
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Comparing mitosis and meiosis
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Fertilization and development
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Human fertilization and early development
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Apoptosis
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Introduction to heredity
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Introduction to heredity
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Alleles and genes
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Worked example: Punnett squares
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Non-Mendelian inheritance
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Co-dominance and Incomplete Dominance
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Sex linkage
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Sex-linked traits
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Example punnet square for sex-linked recessive trait
Classical genetics
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Pedigrees
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Pedigrees
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Pedigree for determining probability of exhibiting sex linked recessive trait
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DNA structure and replication
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DNA
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Molecular structure of DNA
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Antiparallel structure of DNA strands
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Leading and lagging strands in DNA replication
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RNA and protein synthesis
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Molecular structure of RNA
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DNA replication and RNA transcription and translation
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Impact of mutations on translation into amino acids
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Biotechnology
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Introduction to genetic engineering
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Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
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Gel electrophoresis
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Can we clone extinct dinosaurs from DNA preserved in their fossils?
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Evolution and natural selection
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Introduction to evolution and natural selection
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Ape clarification
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Natural selection and the owl butterfly
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Intelligent design and evolution
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Evolution clarification
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Variation in a species
Molecular genetics
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Evidence of evolution
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Evidence for evolution
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Fossils: Rocking the Earth
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Human evolution overview
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DNA spells evolution
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Biogeography: Where life lives
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Molecular evidence for evolutionary relationships examples
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Phylogeny
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Taxonomy and the tree of life
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Species
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Biodiversity and natural selection
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Genetic variation, gene flow, and new species
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Discovering the tree of life
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Understanding and building phylogenetic trees
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How do we know which kinds of dinosaurs were most closely related?
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Body structure and homeostasis
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Homeostasis
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The circulatory and respiratory systems
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Meet the heart!
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Circulatory system and the heart
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Meet the lungs
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The lungs and pulmonary system
Evolution
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The musculoskeletal system
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Skeletal structure and function
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Cartilage
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Ligaments, tendons, and joints
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Three types of muscle
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Anatomy of a skeletal muscle cell
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LeBron Asks: What muscles do we use when shooting a basket?
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The digestive and excretory systems
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Meet the gastrointestinal tract!
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Kidney function and anatomy
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Urination
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The nervous and endocrine systems
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Structure of the nervous system
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Anatomy of a neuron
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Intro to the endocrine system
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The reproductive system
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Welcome to the reproductive system
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Egg, sperm, and fertilization
Human body systems
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The immune system
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Types of immune responses: Innate and adaptive, humoral vs. cell-mediated
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Role of phagocytes in innate or nonspecific immunity
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Self vs. non-self immunity
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Viral replication: lytic vs lysogenic
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Introduction to ecology
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Ecology introduction
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Ecosystems and biomes
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Population ecology
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Exponential and logistic growth in populations
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Population regulation
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Community ecology
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Ecosystem biodiversity
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Ecosystems and ecological networks
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Introduced species and biodiversity
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Ecological succession
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Ecological relationships
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Interactions between populations
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Predator-prey cycles
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Trophic levels
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Flow of energy and matter through ecosystems
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Example identifying roles in a food web
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Biogeochemical cycles
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Biogeochemical cycles overview
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The water cycle
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The carbon cycle
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The nitrogen cycle
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Human impact on ecosystems
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Human activities that threaten biodiversity
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What is a biodiversity hotspot?
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Conservation and the race to save biodiversity
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Introduced species and biodiversity
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How does climate change affect biodiversity?
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Protecting biodiversity: the power of the individual
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Protecting biodiversity: local and global policies
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